Rug Manufacturing Methods, Chapter 2

Needlepunch
Using either strips of cloth or yarn, you work from the back side of the pattern with the punch tool. The Monk's cloth backing is stretched on to a frame tightly. Every time you punch the needle down through the backing, on the right side of the rug it makes a long thread. Then, as the needle is lifted, it automatically makes it into a loop. These loops pack together to create a rug so solid that clawing cats and chewing dogs are its only enemy. As long as you use the tool correctly, it will automatically make all the loops the same length.

Often referred to as "speed hooking", this method of rug hooking is loved for its ease and speed.

Prodded
Proddy rugs are made, as the name implies, by poking or prodding strips of fabric through linen or burlap from the back side. Rag rugs made this way have many names; stobbies, pricked, clippies, proddies, in Scotland they are called clootie mats and in Northumberland they are called proggy mats,. They were often made for more utilitarian use such as by the backdoor; their pile hiding dirt well.

Woven
Machine-made and hand made. Woven rugs include both flat rugs (for example kilims) and pile rugs.